RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and nutritional and social determinants of overweight in a population of schoolchildren in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study of 5,037 children of both genders, between 6 and 10.9 years of age, from public and private schools of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Evaluation of factors associated with excess weight (overweight and obesity) included gender, age, school type, socioeconomic level, education of the head of the family, eating habits, and means of commuting to school. After univariate analysis (Fisher's exact test), we adjusted a logistic regression model and used Wald's test for decision-making (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The mean age was 8.7 ± 1.3 years, with 52.8% females; 79.1% of the students attended public school and 54.6% had families of socioeconomic class A or B. Regarding nutritional status, 24% of children were overweight (7% obesity, 17% overweight). Being male, attending a private school, and having a head of the family with over four years of education were significantly associated with excess weight. In relation to food, inadequate intake of carbohydrates was associated with a 48% greater chance of overweight/obesity (p < 0.001; OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.25-1.76). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of overweight found in this study is approximate to that reported in national studies. Its association with gender and inadequate food intake indicates that these factors should be considered in initiatives aimed at preventive measures in childhood.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Prevalência , Setor Privado , Setor Público , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência e os determinantes nutricionais e sociais do excesso de peso em uma população de escolares no sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo transversal com 5.037 crianças de ambos os sexos, entre seis e 10,9 anos, de escolas públicas e privadas de Maringá, Paraná. A avaliação de fatores associados ao excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) incluiu gênero, idade, tipo de escola, nível socioeconômico, instrução do chefe da família, hábitos alimentares e meio de deslocamento à escola. Após análise univariada (teste exato de Fisher), foi ajustado um modelo de Regressão Logística e considerado o teste de Wald para a tomada de decisão (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 8,7 ± 1,3 ano, sendo 52,8% do gênero feminino, 79,1% estudantes de escola pública e 54,6% pertencentes a famílias com classe socioeconômica A ou B. Com relação ao estado nutricional, 24% das crianças apresentavam excesso de peso (obesidade 7%; sobrepeso 17%). Ser do gênero masculino, estudar em escola privada e ter chefe de família com mais de quatro anos de escolaridade estiveram significativamente associados ao excesso de peso. Com relação à alimentação, o consumo inadequado de carboidratos esteve associado a uma chance 48% maior de sobrepeso/obesidade (p < 0,001; OR: 1,48; IC 95%: 1,25-1,76). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de excesso de peso encontrada nesse estudo é aproximada ao reportado em estudos nacionais. Sua associação a gênero e consumo inadequado de alimentos indica que esses fatores devem ser considerados em iniciativas que visem medidas preventivas na infância.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and nutritional and social determinants of overweight in a population of schoolchildren in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study of 5,037 children of both genders, between 6 and 10.9 years of age, from public and private schools of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Evaluation of factors associated with excess weight (overweight and obesity) included gender, age, school type, socioeconomic level, education of the head of the family, eating habits, and means of commuting to school. After univariate analysis (Fisher's exact test), we adjusted a logistic regression model and used Wald's test for decision-making (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The mean age was 8.7 ± 1.3 years, with 52.8% females; 79.1% of the students attended public school and 54.6% had families of socioeconomic class A or B. Regarding nutritional status, 24% of children were overweight (7% obesity, 17% overweight). Being male, attending a private school, and having a head of the family with over four years of education were significantly associated with excess weight. In relation to food, inadequate intake of carbohydrates was associated with a 48% greater chance of overweight/obesity (p < 0.001; OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.25-1.76). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of overweight found in this study is approximate to that reported in national studies. Its association with gender and inadequate food intake indicates that these factors should be considered in initiatives aimed at preventive measures in childhood.
